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The Good teacher is more than a lecturer
The twelve roles of the teacher.
( Harden R M and Crosby JR 2000 . AMEE
Education Guide No 20: The good teacher is more than a lecturer – the
twelve roles of the teacher> Medical Teacher 22: 334 – 347)
This is an interesting article that tackles an important component of
the educational system; the roles of the teacher. Traditionally it was
assumed that any good scientist can give a lecture and clinicians can do
the bedside teaching satisfactorily. The authors state here “Implicit in
the widely accepted and far-reaching changes in medical education is a
changing role of the medical teacher. Twelve roles have been identified
and those can be grouped in six areas in the model presented:
1. The information provider in the lecture, and in the clinical context.
2. The role model on the job, and in more formal teaching settings
3. The facilitator as a mentor and learning facilitator
4. the student assessor and curriculum evaluator
5. The curriculum and course planner, and
6. The resource material creator and study guide producer.”
The authors notice that some of these roles require experience in the
subjects taught, others require experience in education, some roles have
more direct contact with students, and others require less. Moreover
they emphasise the important of this framework in the assessment of the
needs during recruitment and staff development programs “Some teachers
will have only one role. Most teachers will have several roles. All
roles however need to be represented in an institution or teaching
organisation. This has implications for the appointment of staff and for
staff training. Where there are insufficient number of appropriately
trained existing staff to meet a role requirement, staff must be
reassigned to the role, where this is possible, and the necessary
training provided. Alternatively if this is not possible or deemed
desirable, additional staff needs to be recruited for the specific
purpose of fulfilling the role identified. A ‘role profile’ needs to be
negotiated and agreed with staff at the time of their appointment and
this should be reviewed on a regular basis”.
Mohammad Al Shehri
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